Multiple myeloma: burden of disease analysis in some countries of latin america

In Latin America, there is no systematic information to determine and monitor multiple myeloma. The objective of this study was estimate the annual burden of multiple myeloma disease in five Latin American healthcare systems through the number of attended patients, hospitalizations and specific deaths, by age group. Using specific ICD-10:C90 coded registries from National Healthcare Systems' databases of Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador and Venezuela, we retrieved/analyzed 2015 complete year data for: attended and hospitalized patients stratified by age groups, and for specific deaths. In 2015, the total number of cases attended (prevalence of cases attended) was: Argentina 1.278 (2.96), Colombia 875 (1.82), Ecuador 311 (1.91), Peru 603 (1.94) and Venezuela 758 (2.48); ≥50 years, represented on average for the five countries 86.88% (81.94%-91.83%) of total. Hospitalized cases were (average hospitalization rate): Argentina 1.002 (1.31), Colombia 639 (1.51), Ecuador 218 (1.48), Peru 452 (1.52) and Venezuela 559 (1.34); on average ≥50 years, represented 86.21% (80.12%-92.29%) of total. Hospitalization for ≥60 years vs. 50-59 years (62.86% [53.20%-72.52%] vs. 23.35% [18.67%-28.03%]) increased ~2.7 times, and this population (≥ 60 years) is expected to increase ~41% by 2025. Average mortality rate was 1.28 [0.82-2.62]. Multiple myeloma represents a burden on the health of elderly population and healthcare systems, and is expected to grow as the population ages (AU)

En Latinoamérica no existe información sistematizada para determinar/monitorizar el mieloma múltiple. El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la carga anual de enfermedad del mieloma múltiple en cinco sistemas de salud latinoamericanos mediante el número de pacientes atendidos, hospitalizaciones y muertes específicas, por grupo de edad. Utilizando registros específicos codificados por CIE-10: C90 de bases de datos de los Sistemas Nacionales de Salud de Argentina, Colombia, Perú, Ecuador y Venezuela, obtuvimos y analizamos datos de 2015 (año completo) para pacientes atendidos y hospitalizados estratificados por grupo etario y para muertes específicas. En 2015, el número total de casos atendidos (prevalencia de casos atendidos) fue: Argentina 1.278 (2.96), Colombia 875 (1.82), Ecuador 311 (1.91), Perú 603 (1.94) y Venezuela 758 (2.48); ≥50 años, representaron en promedio para los cinco países 86.88% (81.94% - 91.83%) del total. Los casos hospitalizados fueron (tasa promedio de hospitalización): Argentina 1.002 (1.31), Colombia 639 (1.51), Ecuador 218 (1.48), Perú 452 (1.52) y Venezuela 559 (1.34); en promedio ≥50 años, representaron 86.21% (80.12%-92.29%) del total. La hospitalización de ≥ 60 años vs. 50-59 años (62.86% [53.20% - 72.52%] vs. 23.35% [18.67%-28.03%]) aumentó ~2.7 veces, y esta población (≥ 60 años) se espera aumente ~41% para 2025. La tasa de mortalidad promedio fue 1.28 [0.82-2.62]. El mieloma múltiple representa una carga para la salud de los adultos mayores y los sistemas de salud, y se espera aumente conforme envejece la población (AU)

A new species of Roeboides (Teleostei: Characidae) from Costa Rica and Panama, with a key to the middle American species of the genus

A new species of Roeboides is described from the Pacific slope of Costa Rica and Panama. Roeboides bussingi differs from all other Central American Roeboides and all members of the R. guatemalensis species group by the following combination of characters: presence of 18-22 scales above the lateral line (vs. 12-16 in R. dientito); 15-22 scales below the lateral line (vs. 10-14 in R. dientito, and 20-24 in R. loftini); an inconspicuous, sometimes absent, crescent-shaped humeral spot (vs. a large round, conspicuous humeral spot in R. carti, R. dayi, R. dientonito, R. ilseae, R. loftini, and R. occidentalis); a small wedge-shaped spot that does not reach the lateral line (vs. a large spot crossing the lateral line in R. guatemalensis); a teardrop shaped caudal spot (vs. caudal spot triangle shaped in R. bouchellei); and a dark band at the distal tip of the anal fin (vs. dark band absent in R. bouchellei). A key to all Middle American species of Roeboides is also presented.

Uma espécie nova de Roeboides é descrita da vertente pacífica da Costa Rica e Panamá. Roeboides bussingi difere de todas as outras espécies de Roeboides da América Central e de todos os membros do grupo R. guatemalensis pela seguinte combinação de caracteres: presença de 18-22 escamas acima da linha lateral (vs. 12-16 em R. dientito); 15-22 escamas abaixo da linha lateral (vs. 10-14 em R. dientito e 20-24 em R. loftini); mancha umeral inconspícua, as vezes ausente, no formato de meia lua (vs. mancha humeral conspicua e arredondada em R. carti, R. dayi, R. dientonito, R. ilseae, R. loftini e R. occidentalis); pequena mancha em forma de cunha, não alcançando a linha lateral (vs. mancha grande, atravessando a linha lateral em R. guatemalensis); mancha do pedúnculo caudal em formato de gota d'água (vs. mancha caudal com formato triangular em R. bouchellei); banda escura na margem distal da nadadeira anal (vs. banda escura ausente em R. Bouchellei). Uma chave para todas as espécies de Roeboides da América Média é fornecida.